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We excluded participants with missing variables from the analysis, which could potentially introduce selection bias

Long-term smoking can also lead to reduced lung function, persistent cough, and breathing difficulties

Florida's statewide rate is 6%, not 7%

Structural proteins give cells mechanical resistance to physical and chemical aggressions

(One pack year of smoking equals 1 pack of cigarettes smoked per day for one year.) The cells were collected from patients who were undergoing bronchoscopy for diagnostic tests unrelated to cancer

While generally less harmful than smoking combustible tobacco, they carry risks like nicotine addiction, lung inflammation, and exposure to metals from the heating element