FIGURE 5 With regard to neurodevelopmental disorders, a recent META analysis involving 54 studies revealed associations between SHS exposure and the risks of developing attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and learning disabilities (LD) (Ou et al., 2024)
10.1136/bmj.38142.554479.AE [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 4.Rogers RG, Powell-Griner E
This study identified genetic variants near the PTPRD gene influencing time until drinking relapse in naltrexone-treated patients [74]
If you or someone you know is struggling with addiction to any of these substances, help is available through SAMHSA's National Helpline at 1-800-662-4357, available 24/7 for free, confidential support
Tobacco is cut fine, and we no longer cut smoking when it is used
As a result, many children suffer